Research by Stanford Law School’s Human Rights & Conflict Resolution Clinic and Human Rights Watch, along with reports by human rights organizations, the media, activist groups, and others, and internal Chinese Communist Party (CCP) documents, show that the Chinese government has committed-and continues to commit-crimes against humanity against the Turkic Muslim population. This report sets forth the factual basis for that conclusion, assessing available information about Chinese government actions in Xinjiang within the international legal framework. Under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC), crimes against humanity are serious specified offenses that are knowingly committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against any civilian population. “Widespread” refers to the scale of the acts or number of victims. A “systematic” attack indicates a pattern or methodical plan. Crimes against humanity can be committed during peace time as well as during armed conflict, so long as they are directed against a civilian population.Ĭrimes against humanity are considered among the gravest human rights abuses under international law. The specific crimes against humanity documented in this report include imprisonment or other deprivation of liberty in violation of international law persecution of an identifiable ethnic or religious group enforced disappearance torture murder and alleged inhumane acts intentionally causing great suffering or serious injury to mental or physical health, notably forced labor and sexual violence. The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, located in China’s northwest, is the only region in China with a majority Muslim population. The Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and other communities in the region are ethnically Turkic. Unlike the majority Han Chinese, who are primarily Chinese speakers, the Turkic population is predominantly Muslim and have their own languages. According to the 2010 census, Uyghurs made up 46 percent and Kazakhs 7 percent of the Xinjiang population. The Chinese government’s oppression of Turkic Muslims is not a new phenomenon, but in recent years has reached unprecedented levels. As many as a million people have been arbitrarily detained in 300 to 400 facilities, which include “political education” camps, pretrial detention centers, and prisons. Courts have handed down harsh prison sentences without due process, sentencing Turkic Muslims to years in prison merely for sending an Islamic religious recording to a family member or downloading e-books in Uyghur. Detainees and prisoners are subjected to torture and other ill-treatment, cultural and political indoctrination, and forced labor. The oppression continues outside the detention facilities: the Chinese authorities impose on Turkic Muslims a pervasive system of mass surveillance, controls on movement, arbitrary arrest and enforced disappearance, cultural and religious erasure, and family separation. The United States State Department and the parliaments of Canada and the Netherlands have determined that China’s conduct also constitutes genocide under international law. Human Rights Watch has not documented the existence of the necessary genocidal intent at this time. The 18th Century Back in Fashion Chteau de Versailles. Ĭhinese Express-Talk Chinese Free PDF eBook Download. pdf Chinese Express-Talk Chinese web download ebook Fashion. Download Chinese Express-Talk Chinese Website Free Books. Read, write reviews and more.īooks on iphone Chinese Express-Talk Chinese pdf books download free Chinese Express-Talk Chinese to download ebooks for free Read Chinese Express-Talk Chinese PDF free downloadable books for. įree download of Chinese Express-Talk Chinese PDF Free by. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Chinese Express-Talk Chinese. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Immediately get this book before you miss it with others. This book already exists in PDF, ePub, Kindle, Mobi and others. This book Chinese Express-Talk Chinese PDF ePub can also be read online and we can also store it in our mobile phone. Enough with the phone we have we can already read the book. So we do not have to carry a thick book if we want to read a book. Just like this Chinese Express-Talk Chinese PDF Kindle book. With this ebook will make it easier for us to read the book. So we can read the book Chinese Express-Talk Chinese PDF Online electronically through the computer. What is an ebook? Ebook is an electronic book. Chinese Express-Talk Chinese PDF Onlineĭo you love reading? If indeed you are found of reading, it is a very good thing and useful for you.Įspecially now we can read a book through ebook.
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